This was the earliest civilization
(between 2500 BC and 1750 BC) that flourished in India on
the banks of the river Indus, from frontiers extending from
Manda on the Chenab near Jammuin the north to Daimabad, on
the Godavari in Ahmednagar in the south embracing 200 sites
in the Kutch-Saurashtra region of Gujarat.
In India, important sites connected with the Indus valley
civilization are–Lothal near Ahmedabad (in Gujarat),
Kalibangan (in Rajasthan), Banwali in Hissar (district of
Haryana) and Ropar near Chandigarh (in Punjab).
Vedic Civilization
Invasion of the Aryans recurrent
floods and other possible natural causes like earthquakes
were responsible for the disappearance of the Indus valley
civilization and the origin of Vedic civilization.
The Aryans are supposed to have come to India from Central
Asia. They first occupied Punjab. Gradually, they pushed
their way along the courses of
the Ganga and the Yamuna and conquered the whole of northern
India.
Their penetration was a long and slow process. The
Indo-Aryans did not conquer the south. They were tall and
fair complexioned and possessed sharp features. They are
responsible primarily for Indian culture and civilization.
